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About Loongson

In response to the demands for information development, Loongson Technology always stays abreast of international IT trends and focuses on industry development and system construction based on independent innovation. Until now, we have mastered core computing technologies on CPU instruction set architecture (ISA) design (LoongArch®), processor IP core, and operating system. On this basis, we strive to create an independent and open software and hardware ecosystem and information industry system so as to provide self-developed, safe, and reliable processors to meet national strategic needs as well as high-performance, low-cost processors and basic software and hardware solutions to boost the innovative development of the information industry.

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About Loongson

In response to the demands for information development, Loongson Technology always stays abreast of international IT trends and focuses on industry development and system construction based on independent innovation. Until now, we have mastered core computing technologies on CPU instruction set architecture (ISA) design (LoongArch®), processor IP core, and operating system. On this basis, we strive to create an independent and open software and hardware ecosystem and information industry system so as to provide self-developed, safe, and reliable processors to meet national strategic needs as well as high-performance, low-cost processors and basic software and hardware solutions to boost the innovative development of the information industry.

News

Loongson officially releases the 3A5000 new-generation processor based on LoongArch

Recently, Loongson Technology Co., Ltd. officially released the LS3A5000 processor. With its significant leap in performance, this product is the first processor chip that features the LoongArch self-developed instruction system, setting the latest milestone for China's self-developed CPUs. LoongArch takes on the experience accumulated over the 20 years of CPU development and ecological construction of Loongson. From the top-level microarchitecture to instruction functions and ABI standards, LoongArch is designed independently without authorization from any country. Thanks to the latest achievements from the evolution of modern instruction systems, LoongArch boasts a higher operational efficiency than ever. It fully considers the requirements of compatible ecology and integrates the main functional characteristics of international mainstream instruction systems such as x86 and ARM. With the technical accumulation and innovation of the Loongson team in binary translation for over ten years, LoongArch supports cross-instruction platform application compatibility. According to the test results of domestic third-party testing institutions, the LS3A5000 processor gets more than 26 points on both SPEC CPU2006 fixed-point and floating-point operations of a single core in a GCC compiler environment and more than 80 points for all four cores. The UnixBench of the LS3A5000 desktop system based on a domestic operation system gets more than 1700 points for a single thread and 4200 points for all four threads. LS3A5000 deeply integrates autonomy and security. All modules in LS3A5000, including CPU core, memory controller and related PHY, high-speed IO interface controller and related PHY, PLL, and on-chip multi-port register stack, are independently designed. LS3A5000 implements a special mechanism in the processor core to prevent "Spectre" and "Meltdown" attacks, and its processor core supports access control mechanisms such as operating system kernel stack protection.

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Loongson Unveils LoongArch, the Loongson Instruction Set Architecture

Recently, the infrastructure of Loongson Instruction Set Architecture (LoongArch®) has passed the evaluation of a well-known third-party intellectual property evaluation institution in China and has been officially released. The Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) constitutes the foundation of the information industry. Therefore, it is almost impossible to build a self-developed IT ecosystem based on imported commercial ISAs. Thanks to over 20 years of CPU development and ecosystem construction experience, Loongson unveiled LoongArch in 2020. This ISA incorporates about 2000 instructions and consists of a compulsory infrastructure and several optional extensions. It defines several standard extensions in the first version, including Loongson Binary Translation (LBT) extension, Loongson Virtualization (LVZ) extension, Loongson SIMD (LSX) extension, and Loongson Advanced SIMD (ASX) extension. LoongArch ISA does not incorporate MIPS ISA. LoongArch boasts three distinguishing features – fully self-developed, modern techniques, and cross-ISA compatibility. Loongson attached great importance to the intellectual property of LoongArch and entrusted a well-known third-party intellectual property evaluation institution in China to evaluate the infrastructure of LoongArch thoroughly and carefully. Almost all mainstream ISAs in the world, including ALPHA, ARM, MIPS, POWER, RISC-V, and X86, and tens of thousands of patents related to them have been carefully analyzed. In January 2021, the evaluation institution made the following conclusions: (1) The ISA framework, instruction format, instruction coding rules, and addressing modes of LoongArch are designed self-independently. (2) The chapter organizations, instruction description format, and instruction content in the LoongArch ISA manual are distinctly different from those of all mainstream ISAs mentioned above. (3) No risks of infringement of LoongArch to the Chinese patents of all mainstream ISAs mentioned above have been found. Loongson has released the ISA manual of LoongArch infrastructure to some specific customers and partners. Once the evaluation completes, Loongson will release the final version of the LoongArch ISA manual to a greater scope of entities. Loongson also plans to cooperate with industry chain partners to establish an open ISA alliance at an appropriate time. The alliance members will be able to use LoongArch ISA and Loongson’s CPU IPs for free.

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LoongArch, welcome to the LLVM family!

Recently, the initial patches of LoongArch ISA (Loongson's self-developed CPU instruction set architecture) have officially been accepted into the LLVM compiler community, and the LoongArch top-level directory has been listed in the main source code library. The LoongArch has now become an ISA comparable to X86, ARM, and other ISAs in the LLVM compiler community. LoongArch is officially supported by the LLVM compiler community! The LoongArch directory appears in the main source code library Loongson has always scrupulously abode by the concept of independent R&D and thoroughly implemented the spirit of "Always Be Independent" in the chip design field. After mastering the essential capabilities to design chip circuits independently, Loongson proceeded to the bottom layer, launched the independently-developed and self-designed LoongArch ISA, and successfully passed the evaluation of a Chinese third-party intellectual property institution. The instruction system is the foundation for informatization development. It is crucial for the development of the instruction system ecology. In order to construct the technology system for basic software of the LoongArch ecosystem, Loongson has realized the "2+3+3+2" essential software capabilities, namely the support for LoongArch of the two cores of BIOS and Linux kernel, the three major compilers of GCC, LLVM and Golang, and the three virtual machines of Java, JavaScript, and .NET as well as the compatibility with Windows and Android ecosystems through binary translation for X86 and ARM. In the future, Loongson will keep on actively interacting with developers in the LLVM compiler community with a positive attitude and embrace valuable suggestions from professional developers to further improve the LoongArch ISA ecosystem and promote the establishment of the LoongArch branch in the upstream community so that the international community can support China’s LoongArch instruction system in addition to X86, ARM, and other instruction systems.

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